EAM_Dynamo_GolaPastewka_2018_CuAu__MO_426403318662_001
| Title
A single sentence description.
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EAM potential (LAMMPS cubic hermite tabulation) for Cu-Au alloys developed by Gola and Pastewka (2018) v001 |
|---|---|
| Description
A short description of the Model describing its key features including for example: type of model (pair potential, 3-body potential, EAM, etc.), modeled species (Ac, Ag, ..., Zr), intended purpose, origin, and so on.
|
We present an embedded atom method (EAM) potential for the binary Cu–Au system. The unary phases are described by two well-tested unary EAM potentials for Cu and Au. We fitted the interaction between Cu and Au to experimental properties of the binary intermetallic phases Cu(3)Au, CuAu and CuAu(3). Particular attention has been paid to reproducing stacking fault energies in order to obtain a potential suitable for studying deformation in this binary system. The resulting energies, lattice constant, elastic properties and melting points are in good agreement with available experimental data. We use nested sampling to show that our potential reproduces the phase boundaries between intermetallic phases and the disordered face-centered cubic solid solution. We benchmark our potential against four popular Cu–Au EAM parameterizations and density-functional theory calculations. |
| Species
The supported atomic species.
| Au, Cu |
| Disclaimer
A statement of applicability provided by the contributor, informing users of the intended use of this KIM Item.
|
None |
| Content Origin | https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.6210413 |
| Contributor |
Lars Pastewka |
| Maintainer |
Lars Pastewka |
| Developer |
Adrien Gola Lars Pastewka |
| Published on KIM | 2025 |
| How to Cite |
This Model originally published in [1] is archived in OpenKIM [2-5]. [1] Gola A, Pastewka L. Embedded atom method potential for studying mechanical properties of binary Cu–Au alloys. Modelling and Simulation in Materials Science and Engineering [Internet]. 2018;26:055006. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-651X/aabce4 doi:10.1088/1361-651X/aabce4 — (Primary Source) A primary source is a reference directly related to the item documenting its development, as opposed to other sources that are provided as background information. [2] Gola A, Pastewka L. EAM potential (LAMMPS cubic hermite tabulation) for Cu-Au alloys developed by Gola and Pastewka (2018) v001. OpenKIM; 2025. doi:10.25950/3cd457ef [3] Foiles SM, Baskes MI, Daw MS, Plimpton SJ. EAM Model Driver for tabulated potentials with cubic Hermite spline interpolation as used in LAMMPS v006. OpenKIM; 2025. doi:10.25950/233cb735 [4] Tadmor EB, Elliott RS, Sethna JP, Miller RE, Becker CA. The potential of atomistic simulations and the Knowledgebase of Interatomic Models. JOM. 2011;63(7):17. doi:10.1007/s11837-011-0102-6 [5] Elliott RS, Tadmor EB. Knowledgebase of Interatomic Models (KIM) Application Programming Interface (API). OpenKIM; 2011. doi:10.25950/ff8f563a |
| Funding |
Award Number: PA 2023/2 Funder: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft |
| Short KIM ID
The unique KIM identifier code.
| MO_426403318662_001 |
| Extended KIM ID
The long form of the KIM ID including a human readable prefix (100 characters max), two underscores, and the Short KIM ID. Extended KIM IDs can only contain alpha-numeric characters (letters and digits) and underscores and must begin with a letter.
| EAM_Dynamo_GolaPastewka_2018_CuAu__MO_426403318662_001 |
| DOI |
10.25950/3cd457ef https://doi.org/10.25950/3cd457ef https://commons.datacite.org/doi.org/10.25950/3cd457ef |
| KIM Item Type
Specifies whether this is a Portable Model (software implementation of an interatomic model); Portable Model with parameter file (parameter file to be read in by a Model Driver); Model Driver (software implementation of an interatomic model that reads in parameters).
| Portable Model using Model Driver EAM_Dynamo__MD_120291908751_006 |
| Driver | EAM_Dynamo__MD_120291908751_006 |
| KIM API Version | 2.0 |
| Potential Type | eam |
| Programming Language(s)
The programming languages used in the code and the percentage of the code written in each one. "N/A" means "not applicable" and refers to model parameterizations which only include parameter tables and have no programming language.
| N/A |
| Previous Version | EAM_Dynamo_GolaPastewka_2018_CuAu__MO_426403318662_000 |
| Grade | Name | Category | Brief Description | Full Results | Aux File(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P | vc-species-supported-as-stated | mandatory | The model supports all species it claims to support; see full description. |
Results | Files |
| P | vc-periodicity-support | mandatory | Periodic boundary conditions are handled correctly; see full description. |
Results | Files |
| P | vc-permutation-symmetry | mandatory | Total energy and forces are unchanged when swapping atoms of the same species; see full description. |
Results | Files |
| A | vc-forces-numerical-derivative | consistency | Forces computed by the model agree with numerical derivatives of the energy; see full description. |
Results | Files |
| F | vc-dimer-continuity-c1 | informational | The energy versus separation relation of a pair of atoms is C1 continuous (i.e. the function and its first derivative are continuous); see full description. |
Results | Files |
| P | vc-objectivity | informational | Total energy is unchanged and forces transform correctly under rigid-body translation and rotation; see full description. |
Results | Files |
| P | vc-inversion-symmetry | informational | Total energy is unchanged and forces change sign when inverting a configuration through the origin; see full description. |
Results | Files |
| P | vc-memory-leak | informational | The model code does not have memory leaks (i.e. it releases all allocated memory at the end); see full description. |
Results | Files |
| P | vc-thread-safe | mandatory | The model returns the same energy and forces when computed in serial and when using parallel threads for a set of configurations. Note that this is not a guarantee of thread safety; see full description. |
Results | Files |
| P | vc-unit-conversion | mandatory | The model is able to correctly convert its energy and/or forces to different unit sets; see full description. |
Results | Files |
BCC Lattice Constant
This bar chart plot shows the mono-atomic body-centered cubic (bcc) lattice constant predicted by the current model (shown in the unique color) compared with the predictions for all other models in the OpenKIM Repository that support the species. The vertical bars show the average and standard deviation (one sigma) bounds for all model predictions. Graphs are generated for each species supported by the model.
Cohesive Energy Graph
This graph shows the cohesive energy versus volume-per-atom for the current mode for four mono-atomic cubic phases (body-centered cubic (bcc), face-centered cubic (fcc), simple cubic (sc), and diamond). The curve with the lowest minimum is the ground state of the crystal if stable. (The crystal structure is enforced in these calculations, so the phase may not be stable.) Graphs are generated for each species supported by the model.
Diamond Lattice Constant
This bar chart plot shows the mono-atomic face-centered diamond lattice constant predicted by the current model (shown in the unique color) compared with the predictions for all other models in the OpenKIM Repository that support the species. The vertical bars show the average and standard deviation (one sigma) bounds for all model predictions. Graphs are generated for each species supported by the model.
Dislocation Core Energies
This graph shows the dislocation core energy of a cubic crystal at zero temperature and pressure for a specific set of dislocation core cutoff radii. After obtaining the total energy of the system from conjugate gradient minimizations, non-singular, isotropic and anisotropic elasticity are applied to obtain the dislocation core energy for each of these supercells with different dipole distances. Graphs are generated for each species supported by the model.
(No matching species)FCC Elastic Constants
This bar chart plot shows the mono-atomic face-centered cubic (fcc) elastic constants predicted by the current model (shown in blue) compared with the predictions for all other models in the OpenKIM Repository that support the species. The vertical bars show the average and standard deviation (one sigma) bounds for all model predictions. Graphs are generated for each species supported by the model.
FCC Lattice Constant
This bar chart plot shows the mono-atomic face-centered cubic (fcc) lattice constant predicted by the current model (shown in red) compared with the predictions for all other models in the OpenKIM Repository that support the species. The vertical bars show the average and standard deviation (one sigma) bounds for all model predictions. Graphs are generated for each species supported by the model.
FCC Stacking Fault Energies
This bar chart plot shows the intrinsic and extrinsic stacking fault energies as well as the unstable stacking and unstable twinning energies for face-centered cubic (fcc) predicted by the current model (shown in blue) compared with the predictions for all other models in the OpenKIM Repository that support the species. The vertical bars show the average and standard deviation (one sigma) bounds for all model predictions. Graphs are generated for each species supported by the model.
(No matching species)FCC Surface Energies
This bar chart plot shows the mono-atomic face-centered cubic (fcc) relaxed surface energies predicted by the current model (shown in blue) compared with the predictions for all other models in the OpenKIM Repository that support the species. The vertical bars show the average and standard deviation (one sigma) bounds for all model predictions. Graphs are generated for each species supported by the model.
SC Lattice Constant
This bar chart plot shows the mono-atomic simple cubic (sc) lattice constant predicted by the current model (shown in the unique color) compared with the predictions for all other models in the OpenKIM Repository that support the species. The vertical bars show the average and standard deviation (one sigma) bounds for all model predictions. Graphs are generated for each species supported by the model.
Cubic Crystal Basic Properties Table
Species: AuSpecies: Cu
Creators:
Contributor: karls
Publication Year: 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.25950/64cb38c5
This Test Driver uses LAMMPS to compute the cohesive energy of a given monoatomic cubic lattice (fcc, bcc, sc, or diamond) at a variety of lattice spacings. The lattice spacings range from a_min (=a_min_frac*a_0) to a_max (=a_max_frac*a_0) where a_0, a_min_frac, and a_max_frac are read from stdin (a_0 is typically approximately equal to the equilibrium lattice constant). The precise scaling and number of lattice spacings sampled between a_min and a_0 (a_0 and a_max) is specified by two additional parameters passed from stdin: N_lower and samplespacing_lower (N_upper and samplespacing_upper). Please see README.txt for further details.
| Test | Test Results | Link to Test Results page | Benchmark time
Usertime multiplied by the Whetstone Benchmark. This number can be used (approximately) to compare the performance of different models independently of the architecture on which the test was run.
Measured in Millions of Whetstone Instructions (MWI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cohesive energy versus lattice constant curve for bcc Au v004 | view | 7366 | |
| Cohesive energy versus lattice constant curve for bcc Cu v004 | view | 7860 | |
| Cohesive energy versus lattice constant curve for diamond Au v004 | view | 8340 | |
| Cohesive energy versus lattice constant curve for diamond Cu v004 | view | 7126 | |
| Cohesive energy versus lattice constant curve for fcc Au v004 | view | 6380 | |
| Cohesive energy versus lattice constant curve for fcc Cu v004 | view | 6562 | |
| Cohesive energy versus lattice constant curve for sc Au v004 | view | 7447 | |
| Cohesive energy versus lattice constant curve for sc Cu v004 | view | 6137 |
Creators: Junhao Li and Ellad Tadmor
Contributor: tadmor
Publication Year: 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.25950/5853fb8f
Computes the cubic elastic constants for some common crystal types (fcc, bcc, sc, diamond) by calculating the hessian of the energy density with respect to strain. An estimate of the error associated with the numerical differentiation performed is reported.
| Test | Test Results | Link to Test Results page | Benchmark time
Usertime multiplied by the Whetstone Benchmark. This number can be used (approximately) to compare the performance of different models independently of the architecture on which the test was run.
Measured in Millions of Whetstone Instructions (MWI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Elastic constants for bcc Au at zero temperature v006 | view | 23640 | |
| Elastic constants for bcc Cu at zero temperature v006 | view | 7595 | |
| Elastic constants for diamond Au at zero temperature v001 | view | 12456 | |
| Elastic constants for fcc Au at zero temperature v006 | view | 20040 | |
| Elastic constants for fcc Cu at zero temperature v006 | view | 11848 | |
| Elastic constants for sc Au at zero temperature v006 | view | 12577 | |
| Elastic constants for sc Cu at zero temperature v006 | view | 10020 |
Creators:
Contributor: ilia
Publication Year: 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.25950/866c7cfa
Computes the equilibrium crystal structure and energy for an arbitrary crystal at zero temperature and applied stress by performing symmetry-constrained relaxation. The crystal structure is specified using the AFLOW prototype designation. Multiple sets of free parameters corresponding to the crystal prototype may be specified as initial guesses for structure optimization. No guarantee is made regarding the stability of computed equilibria, nor that any are the ground state.
| Test | Test Results | Link to Test Results page | Benchmark time
Usertime multiplied by the Whetstone Benchmark. This number can be used (approximately) to compare the performance of different models independently of the architecture on which the test was run.
Measured in Millions of Whetstone Instructions (MWI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Equilibrium crystal structure and energy for Au in AFLOW crystal prototype A_cF4_225_a v003 | view | 181919 | |
| Equilibrium crystal structure and energy for Cu in AFLOW crystal prototype A_cF4_225_a v003 | view | 179037 | |
| Equilibrium crystal structure and energy for Cu in AFLOW crystal prototype A_cI2_229_a v003 | view | 159130 |
Creators:
Contributor: brunnels
Publication Year: 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.25950/2c59c9d6
Computes grain boundary energy for a range of tilt angles given a crystal structure, tilt axis, and material.
Creators: Daniel S. Karls and Junhao Li
Contributor: karls
Publication Year: 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.25950/2765e3bf
Equilibrium lattice constant and cohesive energy of a cubic lattice at zero temperature and pressure.
| Test | Test Results | Link to Test Results page | Benchmark time
Usertime multiplied by the Whetstone Benchmark. This number can be used (approximately) to compare the performance of different models independently of the architecture on which the test was run.
Measured in Millions of Whetstone Instructions (MWI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Equilibrium zero-temperature lattice constant for bcc Au v007 | view | 9528 | |
| Equilibrium zero-temperature lattice constant for bcc Cu v007 | view | 7560 | |
| Equilibrium zero-temperature lattice constant for diamond Au v007 | view | 8628 | |
| Equilibrium zero-temperature lattice constant for diamond Cu v007 | view | 7777 | |
| Equilibrium zero-temperature lattice constant for fcc Au v007 | view | 10489 | |
| Equilibrium zero-temperature lattice constant for fcc Cu v007 | view | 13367 | |
| Equilibrium zero-temperature lattice constant for sc Au v007 | view | 6840 | |
| Equilibrium zero-temperature lattice constant for sc Cu v007 | view | 9360 |
Creators: Daniel S. Karls and Junhao Li
Contributor: karls
Publication Year: 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.25950/c339ca32
Calculates lattice constant of hexagonal bulk structures at zero temperature and pressure by using simplex minimization to minimize the potential energy.
| Test | Test Results | Link to Test Results page | Benchmark time
Usertime multiplied by the Whetstone Benchmark. This number can be used (approximately) to compare the performance of different models independently of the architecture on which the test was run.
Measured in Millions of Whetstone Instructions (MWI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Equilibrium lattice constants for hcp Au v005 | view | 41076 | |
| Equilibrium lattice constants for hcp Cu v005 | view | 28983 |
Creators:
Contributor: mjwen
Publication Year: 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.25950/9d9822ec
This Test Driver uses LAMMPS to compute the linear thermal expansion coefficient at a finite temperature under a given pressure for a cubic lattice (fcc, bcc, sc, diamond) of a single given species.
| Test | Test Results | Link to Test Results page | Benchmark time
Usertime multiplied by the Whetstone Benchmark. This number can be used (approximately) to compare the performance of different models independently of the architecture on which the test was run.
Measured in Millions of Whetstone Instructions (MWI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Linear thermal expansion coefficient of fcc Au at 293.15 K under a pressure of 0 MPa v002 | view | 335456 | |
| Linear thermal expansion coefficient of fcc Cu at 293.15 K under a pressure of 0 MPa v002 | view | 622020 |
Creators: Matt Bierbaum
Contributor: mattbierbaum
Publication Year: 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.25950/64f4999b
Calculates the phonon dispersion relations for fcc lattices and records the results as curves.
| Test | Test Results | Link to Test Results page | Benchmark time
Usertime multiplied by the Whetstone Benchmark. This number can be used (approximately) to compare the performance of different models independently of the architecture on which the test was run.
Measured in Millions of Whetstone Instructions (MWI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Phonon dispersion relations for fcc Au v004 | view | 127872 | |
| Phonon dispersion relations for fcc Cu v004 | view | 91322 |
Creators: Matt Bierbaum
Contributor: mattbierbaum
Publication Year: 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.25950/6c43a4e6
Calculates the surface energy of several high symmetry surfaces and produces a broken-bond model fit. In latex form, the fit equations are given by:
E_{FCC} (\vec{n}) = p_1 (4 \left( |x+y| + |x-y| + |x+z| + |x-z| + |z+y| +|z-y|\right)) + p_2 (8 \left( |x| + |y| + |z|\right)) + p_3 (2 ( |x+ 2y + z| + |x+2y-z| + |x-2y + z| + |x-2y-z| + |2x+y+z| + |2x+y-z| +|2x-y+z| +|2x-y-z| +|x+y+2z| +|x+y-2z| +|x-y+2z| +|x-y-2z| ) + c
E_{BCC} (\vec{n}) = p_1 (6 \left( | x+y+z| + |x+y-z| + |-x+y-z| + |x-y+z| \right)) + p_2 (8 \left( |x| + |y| + |z|\right)) + p_3 (4 \left( |x+y| + |x-y| + |x+z| + |x-z| + |z+y| +|z-y|\right)) +c.
In Python, these two fits take the following form:
def BrokenBondFCC(params, index):
import numpy
x, y, z = index
x = x / numpy.sqrt(x**2.+y**2.+z**2.)
y = y / numpy.sqrt(x**2.+y**2.+z**2.)
z = z / numpy.sqrt(x**2.+y**2.+z**2.)
return params[0]*4* (abs(x+y) + abs(x-y) + abs(x+z) + abs(x-z) + abs(z+y) + abs(z-y)) + params[1]*8*(abs(x) + abs(y) + abs(z)) + params[2]*(abs(x+2*y+z) + abs(x+2*y-z) +abs(x-2*y+z) +abs(x-2*y-z) + abs(2*x+y+z) +abs(2*x+y-z) +abs(2*x-y+z) +abs(2*x-y-z) + abs(x+y+2*z) +abs(x+y-2*z) +abs(x-y+2*z) +abs(x-y-2*z))+params[3]
def BrokenBondBCC(params, x, y, z):
import numpy
x, y, z = index
x = x / numpy.sqrt(x**2.+y**2.+z**2.)
y = y / numpy.sqrt(x**2.+y**2.+z**2.)
z = z / numpy.sqrt(x**2.+y**2.+z**2.)
return params[0]*6*(abs(x+y+z) + abs(x-y-z) + abs(x-y+z) + abs(x+y-z)) + params[1]*8*(abs(x) + abs(y) + abs(z)) + params[2]*4* (abs(x+y) + abs(x-y) + abs(x+z) + abs(x-z) + abs(z+y) + abs(z-y)) + params[3]
| Test | Test Results | Link to Test Results page | Benchmark time
Usertime multiplied by the Whetstone Benchmark. This number can be used (approximately) to compare the performance of different models independently of the architecture on which the test was run.
Measured in Millions of Whetstone Instructions (MWI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Broken-bond fit of high-symmetry surface energies in fcc Au v004 | view | 85435 | |
| Broken-bond fit of high-symmetry surface energies in fcc Cu v004 | view | 58876 |
Creators:
Contributor: efuem
Publication Year: 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.25950/fca89cea
Computes the monovacancy formation energy and relaxation volume for cubic and hcp monoatomic crystals.
| Test | Test Results | Link to Test Results page | Benchmark time
Usertime multiplied by the Whetstone Benchmark. This number can be used (approximately) to compare the performance of different models independently of the architecture on which the test was run.
Measured in Millions of Whetstone Instructions (MWI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Monovacancy formation energy and relaxation volume for fcc Au | view | 329409 | |
| Monovacancy formation energy and relaxation volume for fcc Cu | view | 205916 |
Creators:
Contributor: efuem
Publication Year: 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.25950/c27ba3cd
Computes the monovacancy formation and migration energies for cubic and hcp monoatomic crystals.
| Test | Test Results | Link to Test Results page | Benchmark time
Usertime multiplied by the Whetstone Benchmark. This number can be used (approximately) to compare the performance of different models independently of the architecture on which the test was run.
Measured in Millions of Whetstone Instructions (MWI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vacancy formation and migration energy for fcc Au | view | 487860 | |
| Vacancy formation and migration energy for fcc Cu | view | 794280 |
| Test | Error Categories | Link to Error page |
|---|---|---|
| Elastic constants for diamond Cu at zero temperature v001 | other | view |
EquilibriumCrystalStructure__TD_457028483760_002
StackingFaultFccCrystal__TD_228501831190_002
| Test | Error Categories | Link to Error page |
|---|---|---|
| Stacking and twinning fault energies for fcc Au v002 | other | view |
| Stacking and twinning fault energies for fcc Cu v002 | other | view |
This Model requires a Model Driver. Click below for the Model Driver EAM_Dynamo__MD_120291908751_006 archive.